CAM cell in memory and its application 2021
A content-addressable memory CAM (similar to SRAM) is a associative storage memory which addresses(searches) the content present in the computer. It compares the provided input data with the table of values and returns the address of matched data location.
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Table of contents
1. Basics of CAM
2. CAM Cell Architecture
3. 4x4 CAM cell Array
4. Application of CAM — TLB’s
Basics of Content Addressable Memory(CAM)
Content-addressed memory or CAM is like the combination of an SRAM with some added searching functionality to it. It does work like an SRAM such as it can read a data from the particular memory location and it can write a data on the intended memory location.
Its main operation other than acting like an SRAM is performing matching or searching operation. A valid search asserts the output match-line in other words an input value being found in the particular memory location. It compares the input data value with the lookup table.
This CAM have the ability to look for whole table of contents in a single clock cycle.
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CAM Cell Architecture( 10T CAM cell and 9T CAM cell)
10T CAM cell
1. The above structures form a CAM cell (Content Addressable Memory) which comprised of a SRAM cell and some additional transistors which help to perform the required match operation.
2. Here more than one CAM cells in the single word line are connected or tied to a same match line, which may be pulled to High through pseudo NMOS gate or can be pre charged.
3. If you observe the above figure the data to be searched that is key will be placed on the bit line. If this key is different from the data value stored in the SRAM cell then the match line goes to Low or will be pulled down.
4. And the match line will be pulled up or high only when all the bits of key are matched with the data value stored in the cell array.
5. The data to be searched that is key can have don’t care value. This can be achieved by setting both bit and bit_b low.
>>> The area of CAM cells will be twice the area of the SRAM cells.
9T CAM Cell
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